Umbuzo: Kudala ndisokola ukuqonda ukuba iradiyasi yokugoba (njengoko benditshilo) kushicilelo inxulumana njani nokukhethwa kwesixhobo. Umzekelo, ngoku sinemiba ngamanye amalungu enziwe ngentsimbi eyi-0.5″ A36. Sisebenzisa i-0.5 ″ ye-diameter punches kula malungu. iradius kunye ne-intshi ezi-4. fa. Ngoku ukuba ndisebenzisa umthetho we 20% kwaye ndiphindaphinde nge-intshizi ezi-4. Xa ndinyusa ukuvulwa kwe-die nge-15% (yentsimbi), ndifumana i-intshi ye-0.6. Kodwa ukwazi njani umqhubi ukusebenzisa i-0.5 ″ radius punch xa ushicilelo lufuna i-0.6″ egobe iradiyasi?
IMPENDULO: Ukhankanye eyona mingeni mikhulu ejongene neshishini lesinyithi. Le yingcamango engeyiyo ekufuneka zombini iinjineli kunye neevenkile zemveliso zijongane nazo. Ukulungisa oku, siza kuqala ngonobangela, iindlela ezimbini zokwakheka, kwaye singawuqondi umahluko phakathi kwazo.
Ukusukela ekufikeni koomatshini bokugoba ngeminyaka yoo-1920 ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, abaqhubi baye babumba iindawo ezinamagophe asezantsi okanye amabala. Nangona ukugoba komzantsi kuphumile efashonini kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30 edlulileyo, iindlela zokugoba zisangena kwingcinga yethu xa sigoba amashiti esinyithi.
Izixhobo zokugaya ezichanekileyo zangena kwimarike ekupheleni kwee-1970 kwaye zatshintsha i-paradigm. Ke makhe sijonge ukuba izixhobo ezichanekileyo zahluke njani kwizixhobo zokucwangcisa, ukuba utshintsho lwezixhobo ezichanekileyo lutshintshe njani ishishini, kwaye zonke zinxulumana njani nombuzo wakho.
Ngeminyaka yoo-1920, ukubumba kwatshintsha ukusuka kwidiskhi yokuqhobosha ukuya kwi-V-shaped die ene punches ezihambelanayo. I-90 degree punch iya kusetyenziswa kunye ne-90 degree die. Ukutshintsha ukusuka ekugoqweni ukuya ekubunjweni yayilinyathelo elikhulu eliya phambili kwiphepha lesinyithi. Iyakhawuleza, ngokuyinxenye ngenxa yokuba isiqhoboshi sepleyiti esandula ukwenziwa sisebenza ngombane – akusekho kugoba igophe ngalinye. Ukongezelela, i-plate brake inokugoba ukusuka ngaphantsi, ephucula ukuchaneka. Ukongeza kwii-backgauges, ukuchaneka okwandisiweyo kunokubangelwa kukuba i-punch icinezela i-radius yayo kwi-radius yokugoba yangaphakathi yezinto. Oku kuphunyezwa ngokusebenzisa incam yesixhobo kubunzima bezinto ezingaphantsi kobunzima bezinto eziphathekayo. Sonke siyazi ukuba singakwazi ukufezekisa i-radius ye-bend eqhubekayo, sinokubala amaxabiso achanekileyo okunciphisa i-bend, isibonelelo sokugoba, ukunciphisa ngaphandle kunye ne-K factor kungakhathaliseki ukuba luhlobo luni lokugoba esikwenzayo.
Amaxesha amaninzi iindawo ziba nerediya ebukhali yangaphakathi. Abaqulunqi, abayili kunye neengcibi bazi ukuba inxalenye iya kuhlala ibambelele kuba yonke into yayibonakala ngathi yakhiwe ngokutsha - kwaye eneneni yayinjalo, ubuncinci xa kuthelekiswa nanamhlanje.
Konke kulungile kude kufike into engcono. Inyathelo elilandelayo eliya phambili lafika ekupheleni kweminyaka yee-1970 kunye nokuqaliswa kwezixhobo ezichanekileyo zomhlaba, abalawuli bamanani ekhompyutheni, kunye nolawulo oluphezulu lwe-hydraulic. Ngoku unolawulo olupheleleyo kwi-brake ye-press kunye neenkqubo zayo. Kodwa indawo yokucofa sisixhobo esichanekileyo esitshintsha yonke into. Yonke imithetho yokuveliswa kwamacandelo asemgangathweni itshintshile.
Imbali yokwakheka igcwele imitsi kunye nemida. Kumtsi omnye, sisuka kwi-flex radii engahambelaniyo yeebrakes zeplate ukuya kwi-uniform flex radii eyenziwe ngokugximfiza, i-priming kunye ne-embossing. (Qaphela: Unikezelo akufani nokuphosa; unokukhangela kuluhlu lweenkcukacha ezigciniweyo ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi. Noko ke, kulo kholamu ndisebenzisa “ukugoba ezantsi” ukubonisa iindlela zokunikezela kunye nokuphosa.)
Ezi ndlela zifuna iitoni ezibalulekileyo ukwenza iinxalenye. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ngeendlela ezininzi ezi ziindaba ezimbi ze-press brake, isixhobo okanye inxalenye. Nangona kunjalo, bahlala beyeyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo yokugoba isinyithi phantse iminyaka engama-60 de ishishini lithathe inyathelo elilandelayo elibhekiselele kumoya.
Ke, yintoni ukubunjwa komoya (okanye ukugoba komoya)? Isebenza njani xa ithelekiswa ne-flex flex? Oku kuxhuma kwakhona kutshintsha indlela iiradiyi ezidalwe ngayo. Ngoku, endaweni yokunyathela i-radius yangaphakathi yokugoba, umoya wenza "i-floating" ngaphakathi kwiradiyasi njengepesenti yokuvula ukufa okanye umgama phakathi kweengalo zokufa (jonga uMfanekiso 1).
Umzobo 1. Kwi-air bending, i-radius yangaphakathi ye-bend inqunywe ngububanzi bokufa, kungekhona incam yepunch. Iradiyasi "idada" ngaphakathi kobubanzi befom. Ukongezelela, ubunzulu bokungena (kwaye kungekhona i-angle yokufa) inquma i-angle ye-workpiece bend.
Ireferensi yethu yereferensi yintsimbi ephantsi ye-alloy carbon steel enamandla okuqina angama-60,000 psi kunye neradiyasi eyenza umoya malunga ne-16% yomngxuma wokufa. Ipesenti iyahluka ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lwezinto eziphathekayo, ukumanzi, imeko kunye nezinye iimpawu. Ngenxa yokungafani kwiphepha lesinyithi ngokwalo, iipesenti eziqikelelweyo aziyi kufezeka. Nangona kunjalo, zichanekile kakhulu.
Umoya othambileyo we-aluminiyam wenza iradiyasi ye-13% ukuya kwi-15% yokuvula ukufa. Isixhobo esishushu esoliweyo esifakwe i-oyile sine-radius yokwakheka komoya ye-14% ukuya kwi-16% yokuvula ukufa. Intsimbi epholileyo epholileyo (isiseko sethu samandla e-tensile yi-60,000 psi) yenziwe ngomoya ngaphakathi kwe-radius ye-15% ukuya kwi-17% yokuvula ukufa. I-304 yentsimbi engenastainless airforming radius yi-20% ukuya kwi-22% yomngxuma wokufa. Kwakhona, ezi pesenti zinoluhlu lwamaxabiso ngenxa yeyantlukwano kwimathiriyeli. Ukumisela ipesenti yenye into, unokuthelekisa amandla ayo okuqina kunye nokuqina kwe-60 KSI yemathiriyeli yethu yereferensi. Umzekelo, ukuba imathiriyeli yakho inamandla e-tensile ye-120-KSI, ipesenti kufuneka ibe phakathi kwe-31% kunye ne-33%.
Masithi intsimbi yethu yekhabhoni inamandla okuqina angama-60,000 psi, ubukhulu be-intshi ze-0.062, kunye nento ebizwa ngokuba yi-bend radius yangaphakathi ye-0.062 intshi. Yigobe phezu kwe-V-hole ye-0.472 yokufa kwaye ifomyula enesiphumo iya kujongeka ngolu hlobo:
Ke iradiyasi yakho yangaphakathi yokugoba iya kuba yi-0.075 ″ onokuyisebenzisa ukubala izibonelelo zokugoba, iifektha ze-K, tsala kwaye ugobe ukuthabatha ngokuchaneka okuthile, okt ukuba umqhubi wakho we-brake ye-cofa usebenzisa izixhobo ezifanelekileyo kunye noyilo lwamalungu ajikeleze izixhobo ezisebenza ngabaqhubi. esetyenzisiweyo.
Ngokomzekelo, umqhubi usebenzisa i-0.472 intshi. Ukuvulwa kwesitampu. Umsebenzisi wangena eofisini wathi, “Houston, sinengxaki. Yi-0.075. Iradiyasi yempembelelo? Kubonakala ngathi ngokwenene sinengxaki; siyaphi ukuze sifumane enye yazo? Eyona nto ikufutshane sinokuyifumana yi-0.078. “okanye 0.062 intshi. 0.078 ngaphakathi. I-punch radius inkulu kakhulu, 0.062 in. I-punch radius incinci kakhulu.
Kodwa olu lukhetho olungalunganga. Ngoba? Iradiyasi yepunch ayidali iradiyasi egobileyo yangaphakathi. Khumbula, asithethi malunga ne-flex flex, ewe, incam yomhlaseli yeyona nto ithatha isigqibo. Sithetha ngokubunjwa komoya. Ububanzi be-matrix budala i-radius; ipunch yinto nje etyhalayo. Kwakhona qaphela ukuba i-engile yokufa ayichaphazeli i-radius yangaphakathi ye-bend. Ungasebenzisa i-acute, i-V-shaped, okanye i-channel matrices; ukuba bobathathu banobubanzi obufanayo bokufa, uya kufumana iradiyasi yokugoba efanayo ngaphakathi.
I-radius ye-punch ichaphazela umphumo, kodwa ayisiyiyo into emisela i-radius ye-bend. Ngoku, ukuba wenza iradiyasi yepunch enkulu kuneradiyasi edadayo, inxalenye iya kuthatha iradiyasi enkulu. Oku kutshintsha isibonelelo sokugoba, ukufinyela, i-K factor, kunye nokutsalwa kwe-bend. Ewe, ayisiyiyo eyona ndlela ilungileyo leyo, akunjalo? Uyaqonda - oku akulona khetho lungcono.
Kuthekani ukuba sisebenzisa i-intshi ye-0.062? iradiyasi yomngxuma? Oku hit kuya kuba kuhle. Ngoba? Ngenxa yokuba, ubuncinci xa usebenzisa izixhobo esele zenziwe, kusondele ngokusemandleni kwi-radius ye-bend yendalo "edadayo". Ukusetyenziswa kwale punch kwesi sicelo kufuneka kunikeze ukugoba okuhambelanayo kunye nozinzile.
Ngokufanelekileyo, kuya kufuneka ukhethe iradiyasi yepunch esondelayo, kodwa ingagqithi, iradiyasi yecandelo elidadayo. Okukhona kuncinci iradiyasi yepunch xa kuthelekiswa neradiyasi yegophe lokudada, kokukhona ukugoba kuya kuzinza kwaye kuqikelelwe, ngakumbi ukuba ugqiba ukugoba kakhulu. Iipuntshi ezimxinwa kakhulu ziya kushwabana izinto kwaye zenze ukugoba okubukhali ngokungaguquguquki kunye nokuphindaphinda.
Abantu abaninzi bayandibuza ukuba kutheni ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo kuphela xa ukhetha umngxuma wokufa. Iipesenti ezisetyenziselwa ukuqikelela irediyasi yokubumba umoya zicingela ukuba ukungunda okusetyenziswayo kunovuleko lokungunda olulungele ubukhulu bezinto. Oko kukuthi, umngxuma we-matrix awuyi kuba mkhulu okanye omncinci kunokuba unqwenela.
Nangona unokunciphisa okanye ukwandise ubungakanani bokubumba, iradio ithande ukukhubaza, itshintsha uninzi lwamaxabiso omsebenzi wokugoba. Ungaphinda ubone isiphumo esifanayo ukuba usebenzisa iradiyasi engalunganga. Ke, isiqalo esilungileyo ngumthetho wokukhetha indawo yokufa ngokuphindwe kasibhozo ubukhulu bezinto eziphathekayo.
Okona kulungileyo, iinjineli ziya kuza evenkileni kwaye zithethe nomntu osebenza ngeziqhoboshi zokushicilela. Qinisekisa ukuba wonke umntu uyawazi umahluko phakathi kweendlela zokubumba. Fumana ukuba zeziphi iindlela abazisebenzisayo kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo. Fumana uluhlu lwazo zonke iipuntshi kunye nokufa abanazo, kwaye uyile inxalenye esekelwe kulo lwazi. Emva koko, kumaxwebhu, bhala phantsi iipuntshi kwaye ufe ngokuyimfuneko ekuqhutyweni okuchanekileyo kwenxalenye. Ewe kunjalo, unokuba neemeko ezongezelelekileyo xa kufuneka unxibe izixhobo zakho, kodwa oku kufanele kube yimeko ngaphandle komgaqo.
Basebenzi, ndiyazi ukuba nonke niyazenzisa, nam ndandingomnye wabo! Kodwa zihambile iintsuku xa unokukhetha iseti yakho yezixhobo ozithandayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuxelelwa ukuba sesiphi isixhobo onokuthi usisebenzise kwinxalenye yoyilo akubonisi inqanaba lesakhono sakho. Yinyani nje yobomi. Ngoku senziwe ngomoya obhityileyo kwaye asisarhoxoki. Imigaqo itshintshile.
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Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-04-2023